Primary Sources

Class is in session! Y’know, that class you never signed up for? This one. Primary Source citations for ancient history are very formulaic, even though there are variations depending on the source, so we thought that a quick overview might help. If anything it’ll be a great conversation starter at parties, especially if you want to make sure that it’s your last conversation at said party. Can you tell that Dustin is writing this by all the bad jokes? (If so, how dare you?) Anyway, when determining the citation formula for a primary source, consider the following things:
  • Author name
  • Specific body of work (in italics), often abbreviated
  • Book numberChapter/poem number
  • Section/line/verse number
Authors with a single body work: 
  • For authors with only one surviving body of work, you usually won’t see references the title of the actual work, but only the numeric citations of the book, chapter/poem, and section/line/verse (where appropriate). 
    • So, a reference to Polybius, book 6, chapter 10, section 3 would look like this: 
      • Plb. 6.10.3.
Authors with multiple bodies of work: 
  • For authors who have multiple bodies of work attributed to them, or where their books have different titles, you’ll often see the name of specific work, then followed by the usual formula. 
    • Sometimes a specific title will still be composed of multiple books. Arrian, for example, has several works credited to his name, but a reference to his Anabasis (Expedition of Alexander), book 3, chapter 11, section 9 would look like this:
      • Arr. Ana 3.11.9
    • For a lot of biographers, however, (such as Suetonius, Plutarch, and Cornelius Nepos), each work is only divided into chapters and sections. So, Suetonius’ Life of Nero, chapter 34, section 1, would look like this:
      • Suet. Nero 34.1.
Poetry and inscriptions:
  • Poetry follows much the same patterns as those outlined above, but their numeric citations often refer to different poems and lines instead of specific chapters and sections. As above, sometimes poets (especially for the epics) have multiple works attributed to them by different titles, but others have only one collection and do not need to be specified by name.  
    • So, Homer’s Odyssey, book 3, lines 258 through 239, would look like this: 
      • Hom. Od. 3.239-258.
    • As another example, Propertius’ book 4, poem 5, line 9, would look like this:
      • Prop. 4.5.9
  • Similarly, for inscriptions, we commonly see references to the specific publication where an inscription is compiled (often there are multiple sources for this), followed by citations of specific inscriptions within a collection, column numbers (where appropriate) and lines/sections on the inscription.
    • So, in the Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae (OGIS), the eight inscription, section C would look like this:
      • OGIS 8.C
Other: 
  • In all cases, wherever there is only one numeric citation, just assume that is refers to the line/section number.
    • So, a citation of Photius, Library, section 82 looks like:
      • Phot. 82.
  • If there are any questions on this or (*shudder*) if we’ve gotten something wrong, feel free to email us! 
  • Of course, initial cursory research may begin with relevant pages on Wikipedia, but (like a good scholar) this is always supplemented by primary (ancient) and secondary (modern) scholarship
  • Lastly, if you need help deciphering all the abbreviations, we’re attaching an abbreviation guide from the Oxford Classical Dictionary.
The Alexander Standard Sources
Episode 1: Intro
  • No sources, only gusto.... but also information absorbed over the years. Seriously, it was written from memory. 
Episode 2: Philip II
Primary (ancient) sources Secondary (modern) sources
  • Andronikos, Manlios. 1979. “The Find from the Royal Tombs at Vergina.” Proceeding of the British Academy. 65: 355-367.
  • Antikas, T. G. and L. K. Wynn-Antikas. 2015. “New Finds from the Cremains in Tomb II at Aegae Point to Philip II and a Scythian Princess.” International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. 26.4: 682-692. 
  • Bartsiokas, Antonis, Juan-Luis Arsuaga, Elena Santos, Milagros Algaba, and Asier Gómez-Olivencia.” 2015. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112.32: 9844-9848.
  • Borza, Eugene N. 1990. In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
  • Hammond, N. G. L. 1994. Philip of Macedon. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Hatzopoulos, Milt. 2008. “The Burial of the Dead (at Vergina) or The Unending Controversy on the Identity of the Occupants of Tomb II.” Tekmeria 9: 91-118.
  • Musgrave, Jonathan, A. J. N. W. Prag, Richard Neave, Robin Lane Fox, Hugh White. 2010. “The Occupants of Tomb II at Vergina Why Arrhidaios and Eurydice Must Be Excluded.” International Journal of Medical Sciences. 7.6
Episode 3-4: Alexander the Great
Ancient sources
  • Plutarch, Life of Alexander, 2-15, 32-33, 43.3-6, 46.1, 50-52.6. 
  • Plutarch, Life of Demosthenes, 23.2.
    • Plutarch. 1919. Lives, Volume VII: Demosthenes and Cicero. Alexander and Caesar. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library 99. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Demosthenes*.html
  • Arrian, Anabasis, 1.11-16; 2.3, 14-26; 3.3, 14-15, 30; 4.7.3, 8.1-9.9. 
    • Arrian. 1976. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume I: Books 1-4. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 236. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Pres
    • Arrian. 1983. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume II: Books 5-7. Indica. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 269. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
      • NB: According to the Attalus.com, Arrian’s Indica is often printed as Book 8 of the Anabasis.
    • https://attalus.org/info/arrian.html
    • https://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/arrian-bookVIII-India.asp
  • Curtius Rufus 4.1.7-14; 8.1.19-2.13.
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume I: Books 1-5. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 368. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 369. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/curtius.html
  • Justin 12.6.1-18
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Aelian Varia Historia, 12.14
    • Aelian. 1997. Historical Miscellany. Translated by Nigel G. Wilson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/aelian/varhist12.xhtml
Secondary (modern) sources
  • https://www.worldhistory.org/timeline/Alexander_the_Great/
  • ​Chamoux, François. 2003. Hellenistic Civilization. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
  • Nawotka, Krzysztof. 2010. Alexander the Great. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars.
  • Worthington, Ian. 2014. Alexander the Great: Man and God. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. 
Episode 5: Perdiccas
Ancient Sources:
  • Arrian, Anab. 3.11.9; 7.18.4
    • Arrian. 1976. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume I: Books 1-4. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 236. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Pres
    • Arrian. 1983. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume II: Books 5-7. Indica. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 269. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
    • https://attalus.org/info/arrian.html
  • Arrian, FGrH. 155.1.3; 156.1.1-4, 11, 9.20-28, 33, 10.1-7
    • Jacoby, Felix, and G Schepens. 1998. Die Fragmente Der Griechischen Historiker Continued. Leiden: Brill.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/fgh.html#155.0
  • Nepos Eumenes, 2.1-5, 3.1-2, 5.1
    • Cornelius Nepos. 1929. On Great Generals. On Historians. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 467. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/nepos18.html
  • Curtius Rufus, 10.6.1-9.21
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 369. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/curtius.html
  • Diodorus Siculus 18.2-7.5, 16.1-3, 23.1-4, 25.3-27.2, 33.1-37.1; 19.93.5
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
  • Plutarch Life of Eumenes, 1.2-3.11, 5.1-3
    • Plutarch. Lives, Volume VIII: Sertorius and Eumenes. Phocion and Cato the Younger. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library 100. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Plutarch Life of Alexander. 77.7-8
  • Appian Syrica 52, 57
    • Appian. 2019. Roman History, Volume III. Edited and translated by Brian McGing. Loeb Classical Library 4. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-syrian-wars/
  • Appian Mithridatica 8
    • Appian. 2019. Roman History, Volume III. Edited and translated by Brian McGing. Loeb Classical Library 4. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/
  • Pausanias 1.6.3, 7.1
    • Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece, Volume I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D3
  • Justin 13.1.4-14.4.11
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Trogus, Prologues 13
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Lucian Macrobii, 13
    • Lucian. 1913. Phalaris. Hippias or The Bath. Dionysus. Heracles. Amber or The Swans. The Fly. Nigrinus. Demonax. The Hall. My Native Land. Octogenarians. A True Story. Slander. The Consonants at Law. The Carousal (Symposium) or The Lapiths. Translated by A. M. Harmon. Loeb Classical Library 14. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/macrobii.html
  • Orosius 3.23.17-23
    • Orosius, Paulus. 2010. Seven Books of History against the Pagans. Translated by A. T. Fear. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/orosius.html
  • Frontinus Strategems, 4.7.20
    • Frontinus. 1925. Stratagems. Aqueducts of Rome. Translated by C. E. Bennett, Mary B. McElwain. Loeb Classical Library 174. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Frontinus/Strategemata/home.html
  • Polyaenus. 4.18.1
    • Polyaenus. 1974. Polyaenus's Stratagems of War. Translated by R Shepherd. Chicago: Ares.
    • https://attalus.org/info/polyaenus.html
  • Aelian Varia Historia 12.64
    • Aelian. 1997. Historical Miscellany. Translated by Nigel G. Wilson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/aelian/varhist12.xhtml
  • Strabo 17.794 (17.1.8)
    • Strabo. 1932. Geography, Volume VIII: Book 17. General Index. Translated by Horace Leonard Jones. Loeb Classical Library 267. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/17A1*.html
  • Memnon 4.3
    • Jacoby, Felix. 2012. Die Fragmente Der Griechischen Historiker. Vol. Part I-III. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/memnon1.html
Modern Sources:
  • Badian, Ernst. 1968. “A King’s Notebooks.” Harvard Studies in Classical Philology. 72: 183-204.
  • Bosworth, A. B. 1990. Review of Alexander the Great and Bactria: The Formation of a Greek Frontier in Central Asia, Frank Holt. The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 110: 256-258.
  • Erskine, Andrew. 2002. “Life After Death: Alexandria and the Body of Alexander.” Greece and Rome. 49: 163-179.
  • Holt, Frank Lee. 1989. Alexander the Great and Bactria: The Formation of a Greek Frontier in Central Asia. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
  • Meeus, Alexander. 2009. “Kleopatra and the Diadochoi.” In Faces of Hellenism, edited by by Peter van Nuffelen, 64-92: Leuven, Paris.
  • Oldach, David W., Robert E. Richard, Eugene N. Borza, Michael R. Benitez. 1996. “A Mysterious Death.” New England Journal of Medicine. 338.24: 1764-1769.
  • Romm, James S. 2011. Ghost on the Throne: The Death of Alexander the Great and the War for Crown and Empire. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Sidky, H. 2000. The Greek Kingdom of Bactria: From Alexander to Eucratides the Great. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America.
Episode 6: Antipater
Ancient Sources:
  • Ps. Callisthenes 3.31
    • Pseudo-Callisthenes. 1991. The Greek Alexander Romance. Translated by Richard Stoneman. London, England: Penguin Books.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/alexander3d.html
  • Justin 12.14.1-9; 13.2.14-6.8
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Arrian FGrH 155.1.4
    • Jacoby, Felix, and G Schepens. 1998. Die Fragmente Der Griechischen Historiker Continued. Leiden: Brill.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/fgh.html#155.0
  • Diodorus 17.118.1-2; 18.12.2-17.5, 23.3-39.7, 48.1-49.3
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
  • Vitruvius 8.13.6
    • Vitruvius. 1934. On Architecture, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by Frank Granger. Loeb Classical Library 280. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Vitruvius/home.html
  • Valerius Maximus 1.7e.2
    • Valerius Maximus. 2000. Memorable Doings and Sayings, Volume I: Books 1-5. Edited and translated by D. R. Shackleton Bailey. Loeb Classical Library 492. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/valerius1b.html
  • Curtius Rufus 10.7.9-10.18
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 369. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/curtius.html
  • Pliny the Elder Historia Naturalis, 30.149
    • Pliny. Natural History, Volume VIII: Books 28-32. Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 418. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://archive.org/details/naturalhistory08plinuoft/page/278/mode/2up?view=theater
  • Plutarch Moralia, 503A-B, 847B, 849B-C, F
    • Plutarch. 1939. Moralia, Volume VI: Can Virtue Be Taught? On Moral Virtue. On the Control of Anger. On Tranquility of Mind. On Brotherly Love. On Affection for Offspring. Whether Vice Be Sufficient to Cause Unhappiness. Whether the Affections of the Soul are Worse Than Those of the Body. Concerning Talkativeness. On Being a Busybody. Translated by W. C. Helmbold. Loeb Classical Library 337. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Plutarch. 1936. Moralia, Volume X: Love Stories. That a Philosopher Ought to Converse Especially With Men in Power. To an Uneducated Ruler. Whether an Old Man Should Engage in Public Affairs. Precepts of Statecraft. On Monarchy, Democracy, and Oligarchy. That We Ought Not to Borrow. Lives of the Ten Orators. Summary of a Comparison Between Aristophanes and Menander. Translated by Harold North Fowler. Loeb Classical Library 321. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Moralia/De_garrulitate*.html
    • https://attalus.org/translate/orators1.html
  • Plutarch Life of Alexander, 77.1-4
  • Plutarch Life of Phocon, 23.3-28.7.
    • Plutarch. 1919. Lives, Volume VIII: Sertorius and Eumenes. Phocion and Cato the Younger. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library 100. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Phocion*.html
  • Pausanias 1.1.3; 8.18.4-5
    • Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece, Volume I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pausanias. 1933. Description of Greece, Volume III: Books 6-8.21 (Elis 2, Achaia, Arcadia). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 272. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D3
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D8%3Achapter%3D18%3Asection%3D4
  • Arrian Anabasis, 7.27
    • Arrian. 1983. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume II: Books 5-7. Indica. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 269. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
    • https://attalus.org/info/arrian.html
  • Photius 82
    • Photius. 1920. The Library of Photius. Translated by John Henry Freese. London: Society for promoting Christian knowledge.
    • https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/photius_03bibliotheca.htm
  • Demosthenes Epistles, 6
    • Demosthenes. 1949. Orations, Volume VII: Orations 60-61: Funeral Speech. Erotic Essay. Exordia. Letters. Translated by N. W. De Witt, N. J. De Witt. Loeb Classical Library 374. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Marmor Parium B.9
  • Hyperides 6.10-13
    • Lycurgus, Dinarchus, Demades, Hyperides. 1954. Minor Attic Orators, Volume II: Lycurgus. Dinarchus. Demades. Hyperides. Translated by J. O. Burtt. Loeb Classical Library 395. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://anastrophe.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/perseus/citequery3.pl?dbname=GreekNov21&getid=1&query=Hyp.+6
  • Orosus 3.23.16
    • Orosius, Paulus. 2010. Seven Books of History against the Pagans. Translated by A. T. Fear. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/orosius.html
  • Lucian Macrobii, 11
    • Lucian. 1913. Phalaris. Hippias or The Bath. Dionysus. Heracles. Amber or The Swans. The Fly. Nigrinus. Demonax. The Hall. My Native Land. Octogenarians. A True Story. Slander. The Consonants at Law. The Carousal (Symposium) or The Lapiths. Translated by A. M. Harmon. Loeb Classical Library 14. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/macrobii.html
Modern Sources:
  • Errington, R. M. 2008. A History of the Hellenistic World. Blackwell.
  • Meeus, Alexander. 2009. “Kleopatra and the Diadochoi.” In Faces of Hellenism, edited by by Peter van Nuffelen, 64-92: Leuven, Paris.
  • Romm, James S. 2011. Ghost on the Throne: The Death of Alexander the Great and the War for Crown and Empire. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Waterfield, Robin. 2011. Dividing the Spoils: The War for Alexander the Great’s Empire.
Episode 7: The Briefest Hiatus
Ancient Sources:
Ancient stress
Modern Sources:
Modern stress.
Holidays.
24 hour days.
Dissertation.
Episode 8: Arrhidaeus and Eurydice
Ancient Sources:
  • Athenaeus 13.557c, 558a, 560F
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VI: Books 12-13.594b. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 327. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • https://attalus.org/old/athenaeus13a.html
  • Justin 9.8.2; 14.5.1-10
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • John Malalas 196
    • Malalas, John. 2017. The Chronicle of John Malalas. Leiden: Brill.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/malalas.html
  • Eusebius Chronicon, 159-160, 229-231, 241-242, 246
    • https://attalus.org/translate/eusebius.html
  • Excerpta Barbari, 44A
    • https://attalus.org/translate/barbari.html#44A
  • Hieronymus Chronicle, 1693
    • https://attalus.org/translate/jerome1.html
  • Arrian FGrH 155.1.1-5, 23, 31-33, 2.2, 156.
    • Jacoby, Felix, and G Schepens. 1998. Die Fragmente Der Griechischen Historiker Continued. Leiden: Brill.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/fgh.html#155.0
  • Plutarch Life of Alexander, 10.1-3, 77.5
  • Plutarch Life of Eumenes, 13.1
    • Plutarch. 1919. Lives, Volume VIII: Sertorius and Eumenes. Phocion and Cato the Younger. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library 100. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Eumenes*.html
  • Plutarch Moralia, 791E
    • Plutarch. 1936. Moralia, Volume X: Love Stories. That a Philosopher Ought to Converse Especially With Men in Power. To an Uneducated Ruler. Whether an Old Man Should Engage in Public Affairs. Precepts of Statecraft. On Monarchy, Democracy, and Oligarchy. That We Ought Not to Borrow. Lives of the Ten Orators. Summary of a Comparison Between Aristophanes and Menander. Translated by Harold North Fowler. Loeb Classical Library 321. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Moralia/An_seni_respublica_gerenda_sit*.html
  • Sulpitius Severus 2.17
    • Schaff, Philip, and Henry Wace, eds. 1890. A Select Library of Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church : Second Series. New York: Christian literature Company.
    • https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Nicene_and_Post-Nicene_Fathers:_Series_II/Volume_XI/Sulpitius_Severus/Sacred_History/Book_II/Chapter_17
  • Diodorus Siculus: 18.2.1-4.7, 39.2-7, 54.1-4, 57.1-4, 68.1-3, 74.1-75.2; 19.11.1-7, 52.5.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
  • Curtius Rufus 10.6.8-9.21
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 369. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/curtius.html
  • Photius 92
    • Photius. 1920. The Library of Photius. Translated by John Henry Freese. London: Society for promoting Christian knowledge.
    • https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/photius_03bibliotheca.htm
  • Polyaenus 4.6.4; 8.60.1
    • Polyaenus. 1974. Polyaenus's Stratagems of War. Translated by R Shepherd. Chicago: Ares.
    • https://attalus.org/info/polyaenus.html
  • Strabo 17.794 (17.1.8)
    • Strabo. 1932. Geography, Volume VIII: Book 17. General Index. Translated by Horace Leonard Jones. Loeb Classical Library 267. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/17A1*.html
  • Nepos Phocion, 3.3
    • Cornelius Nepos. 1929. On Great Generals. On Historians. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 467. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/nepos19.html
  • OGIS 8 (= IG 12.2.526)
    • Dittenberger, Wilhelm. 1960. Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae : Supplementum Sylloges Inscriptionum Graecarum. Hildesheim: G. Olms.
    • https://attalus.org/docs/ogis/s8.html
  • Pausanias 1.11.3-4, 25.6; 8.7.7
    • Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece, Volume I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pausanias. 1933. Description of Greece, Volume III: Books 6-8.21 (Elis 2, Achaia, Arcadia). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 272. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D11%3Asection%3D1
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D8%3Achapter%3D7%3Asection%3D7Orosius 3.23.29-30
  • Aelian Varia Historia 13.36
    • Aelian. 1997. Historical Miscellany. Translated by Nigel G. Wilson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/aelian/varhist13.xhtml
Modern Sources: 
  • https://historyofmacedonia.wordpress.com/2006/12/26/etymology-of-the-100-most-famous-ancient-macedonian-names/
  • Bartels, Jens. 2015. “Cynnane ‘The Illyrian’? The Perils of Onomastics.” The Classical Quarterly. 65.1: 384-387.
  • Carney, Elizabeth. 1987. “Olympias.” Ancient Society. 18: 35-62.
  • Carney, Elizabeth. 1987. “The Career of Adea-Eurydice.” Historia Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 36.4: 496-502.
  • Cavarero, Adriana. 2014. Relating Narratives: Storytelling and Selfhood. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.
  • Errington, R. M. 2008. A History of the Hellenistic World. Blackwell.
  • Friedman, John Block. 2000. Orpheus in the Middle Ages. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press.
  • Hotzopoulos, Miltiades. 2000. “‘L’histoire par les noms’ in Macedonia.” In Greek Personal Names: Their Value as Evidence, edited by E. Matthews, Simon Hornblower, and P. M. Fraser, pp. 99-117. Oxford.

  • Liddell, Henry George and Robert Scott. 1940. A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford.

  • Macurdy, Grace H. 1927. “Queen Eurydice and the Evidence for Woman Power in Early Macedonia.” The American Journal of Philology. 48.3: 201-214.
  • Stevens, John. 1986. Words and Music in the Middle Ages: Song, Narrative, Dance and Drama, 1050-1350. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Waterfield, Robin. 2011. Dividing the Spoils: The War for Alexander the Great’s Empire.
​Episodes 9: Eumenes
Ancient Sources:
  • Appian Syrica 53, 57
    • Appian. 2019. Roman History, Volume III. Edited and translated by Brian McGing. Loeb Classical Library 4. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-syrian-wars/
  • Appian Mithridatica 8
    • Appian. 2019. Roman History, Volume III. Edited and translated by Brian McGing. Loeb Classical Library 4. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/
  • Arrian, Anabasis 5.24.6, 7.4.6
    • Arrian. 1983. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume II: Books 5-7. Indica. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 269. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
    • https://attalus.org/info/arrian.html
  • Arrian, Fr. (FrGH 155.3.1-2, 4.1, 156) 1.11; 9.20-31; 10.7-10
    • Jacoby, Felix, and G Schepens. 1998. Die Fragmente Der Griechischen Historiker Continued. Leiden: Brill.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/fgh.html#155.0
  • Cornelius Nepos, Eumenes
    • Cornelius Nepos. 1929. On Great Generals. On Historians. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 467. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/nepos18.html
  • Demosthenes, On the Chersonese
    • Dem. Cher.; Demosthenes. 1930. Orations, Volume I: Orations 1-17 and 20: Olynthiacs 1-3. Philippic 1. On the Peace. Philippic 2. On Halonnesus. On the Chersonese. Philippics 3 and 4. Answer to Philip's Letter. Philip's Letter. On Organization. On the Navy-boards. For the Liberty of the Rhodians. For the People of Megalopolis. On the Treaty with Alexander. Against Leptines. Translated by J. H. Vince. Loeb Classical Library 238. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Diodorus Siculus 18.3.4, 16.1-3, 23-42.5, 50-61.3; 19.17.1-18.7, 24-31.3-5, 37.1-41.2, 59.3-4
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
  • Frontinus Strat. 4.7.34
    • Frontinus. 1925. Stratagems. Aqueducts of Rome. Translated by C. E. Bennett, Mary B. McElwain. Loeb Classical Library 174. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Frontinus/Strategemata/home.html
  • Justin 13.5.10, 6.1, 10-17, 8.1-9; 14.2.6-12
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius, and John Selby Watson. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum Bohn's Classical Library. London.
    • http://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Lucian Macrobii 13
    • Lucian. 1913. Phalaris. Hippias or The Bath. Dionysus. Heracles. Amber or The Swans. The Fly. Nigrinus. Demonax. The Hall. My Native Land. Octogenarians. A True Story. Slander. The Consonants at Law. The Carousal (Symposium) or The Lapiths. Translated by A. M. Harmon. Loeb Classical Library 14. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/macrobii.html
  • Orosius 3.23.17-25
    • Orosius, Paulus. 2010. Seven Books of History against the Pagans. Translated by A. T. Fear. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/orosius.html
  • Plutarch, Life of Eumenes
    • Plutarch. Lives, Volume VIII: Sertorius and Eumenes. Phocion and Cato the Younger. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library 100. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Eumenes*.html
  • Plutarch, Moralia 506D
    • Plutarch. 1939. Moralia, Volume VI: Can Virtue Be Taught? On Moral Virtue. On the Control of Anger. On Tranquility of Mind. On Brotherly Love. On Affection for Offspring. Whether Vice Be Sufficient to Cause Unhappiness. Whether the Affections of the Soul are Worse Than Those of the Body. Concerning Talkativeness. On Being a Busybody. Translated by W. C. Helmbold. Loeb Classical Library 337. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Moralia/De_garrulitate*.html
  • Polyaenus 4.6.11, 8.2-4
    • Polyaenus. 1974. Polyaenus's Stratagems of War. Translated by R Shepherd. Chicago: Ares.
    • https://attalus.org/info/polyaenus.html
  • Strabo 12.537; 14.672
    • Strabo. 1932. Geography, Volume VIII: Book 17. General Index. Translated by Horace Leonard Jones. Loeb Classical Library 267. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/17A1*.html
  • Trogus Prologues 13
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
Modern Sources:
  • https://drevlit.ru/converter_money_eng.html
  •  https://testamentpress.com/ancient-money-calculator.html
  •  Kebric, Robert B. 1977. In the Shadow of Macedon: Duris of Samos. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag.
  • Errington, R. M. 2008. A History of the Hellenistic World. Blackwell.
  • Romm, James S. 2011. Ghost on the Throne: The Death of Alexander the Great and the War for Crown and Empire. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Episode 10: Alexander IV
Ancient Sources:
  • Aelian NA 12.6Aelian, Claudius, and A. F Scholfield. 1959. On Animals. Vol. III. Loeb Classical Library, 449. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Arr. FGrH 155 (1.6-9; 2.2-3; 3.1-2) 156 (9.29-32; 11.43-45)
  • Athen. 13.560f.
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VI: Books 12-13.594b. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb
Classical Library 327. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
  • https://attalus.org/old/athenaeus13a.html
  • Claud. Ptol. Astr. Can. 3
    • Wachsmuth, Kurt. 1895. Einleitung in das Studium der alten Geschichte. Leipzig.
      • See esp. pp. 305-306.
    • Ginzel, Friedrich Karl. 1906. Handbuch der Mathematischen Chronologie. Vol. 1. Leipzig.
      • See esp. p. 139. 
    •  Bickerman, E. J. 1968. Chronology of the Ancient World. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
      • See esp. p. 111. 
    •  https://www.attalus.org/translate/chronicles.html#canon.0
  • Curt. 10.6.9
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 369. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/curtius.html
  • Diod. 9.49.1-51.6, 61.1; 17.118.2; 18.2.4, 18.6, 36.7, 39.7, 57.2-4, 65.3-66.3; 19.11.2-9, 35.3-6, 52.4, 105.1-4 
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1946. Library of History, Volume IV: Books 9-12.40. Translated by C. H. Oldfather. Loeb Classical Library 375. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Diodorus Siculus. Library of History, Volume VIII: Books 16.66-17. Translated by C. Bradford Welles. Loeb Classical Library 422. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library
377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 3.23.29-30
  • Plut. Alex. 77.2-6
    • Plutarch. 1919. Lives, Volume VII: Demosthenes and Cicero. Alexander and Caesar. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library
99. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Modern Sources:
  • Adams, W. L. 1991. “Cassander, Alexander IV and the Tombs at Vergina.” The Ancient World. 22: 27-33
  • Anson, Edward. 1986. “Diodorus and the Date of Triparadeisus.” The American Journal of Philology. 107.2: 208-217.
  • Badian, Ernst. 2015. “Rhoxane II. Alexander’s Wife.” Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, available at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/rhoxane-alexander-wife (accessed on 06 April 2018).
  • Bartsiokas, Antonis and Elizabeth Carney. 2008. “The Royal Skeletal Remains from Tomb I at Vergina.” Journal of the History of Hellenic Medicine. 18.34-36: 15-19.
  • Bartsiokas, Antonis, Juan-Luis Arsuaga, Elena Santos, Milagros Algaba, and Asler Gómez-Olivencia. 2015. “The Lameness of King Philip II and Royal Tomb I at Vergina, Macedonia.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 112.32: 9844-9848.
  • Borza, Eugene. 1987. “The Royal Macedonian Tombs and the Paraphernalia of Alexander the Great.” Phoenix. 41.2: 105-121.
  • Bosworth, A. B. 1971. “The Death of Alexander the Great: Rumour and Propaganda.” The Classical Quarterly. 21.1: 112-136.
  • Bosworth, A. B. 1980. “Alexander and the Iranians.” Journal of Hellenistic Studies. 100: 1-21.
  • Bosworth, A. B. 1993. “Perdiccas and the Kings.” The Classical Quarterly. 43.2: 420-427.
  • Burstein, Stanley. 1977. “IG II2 561 and the Court of Alexander IV.” Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 24: 223-225.
  • Carney, Elizabeth. 1995. “Women and Basilea: Legitimacy and Female Political Action in Macedonia.” The Classical Journal. 90.4: 367-391.
  • Carney, Elizabeth. 1996. “Alexander and the Persian Women.” The American Journal of Philology. 117.4: 563-583.
  • Chisholm, Hugh. 1910. The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information. 11th ed. Cambridge University Press.
  • Chugg, Andrew Michael. 2007. The Quest for the Tomb of Alexander the Great. Bristol.
  • Faklaris, Panayiotis. 1994. “Aegae: Determining the Site of the First Capital of the Macedonians.” American Journal of Archaeology. 98.4: 609-616.
  • Habicht, Christian. 2009. The Hellenistic Monarchies: Selected Papers. The University of Michigan Press: Ann Arbor (Orig. pub. as Habicht, Christian. 1973. “Literarische und epigraphische Überlieferung zur Geschichte Alexanders und seiner ersten Nachfolger.” In Akten des VI. internationalen Kongreßes fur griechische und lateinische Epigraphik. München).
  • Hammond, N. G. L. 1991. “The Royal Tombs at Vergina: Evolution and Identities.” The Annual of the British School at Athens. 86: 69-82.
  • Heckel, Waldemar. 1980. “IG II2 561 and the Status of Alexander the IV.” Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 40: 249-250.
  • Leprohon, Ronald. 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Edited by Denise Doxey. Society of Biblical Literature.
  • Loube, Heather. 1995. “The Metz Epitome: Alexander (July, 300 B.C. – July, 325 B.C.): A Commentary.” MA Thesis. University of Ottawa.
  • Liddel, Henry George, Henry Stuart Jones, and Robert Scott. 1976. Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • MacUrdy, Grace. 1932. “Roxane and Alexander IV in Epirus.” The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 52.2: 256-261.
  • Musgrave, Jonathan, A. J. N. W. Prag, Richard Neave, Robin Lane Fox, Hugh White. 2010. “The Occupants of Tomb II at Vergina. Why Arrhidaios and Eurydice must be excluded.” 7(6): 1-15.
  • https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/150720-philip-macedon-alexander-the-great-dad-greece-archaeology?loggedin=true&rnd=1686339229679
  • Tarn, W. W. 1927. “The Heritage of Alexander.” In The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 6: Macedon (401-301 B.C.). Cambridge University Press.
  • https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1490/the-royal-macedonian-tombs-at-vergina/
Episode 11: Polyperchon
Ancient Sources:
Arrian Anabasis 2.12.2; 3.11.9; 4.22.1
  • ​Arrian. 1976. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume I: Books 1-4. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 236. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Pres
  • https://attalus.org/info/arrian.html
  • Athenaeus 4.155c-d; 13.560f
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VI: Books 12-13.594b. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 327. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • https://attalus.org/old/athenaeus13a.html
  • Curtius Rufus 4.13.7-10; 8.5-6
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume I: Books 1-5. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 368. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 369. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/curtius.html
  • Diodorus Siculus 17.57.2; 18.13, 16, 24-25, 38, 48-49, 54-57, 64-67, 69-75; 19.11, 25, 35-36, 53, 57, 60-61, 64, 67, 74, 105; 20.20, 28, 100.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1963. Library of History, Volume VIII: Books 16.66-17. Translated by C. Bradford Welles. Loeb Classical Library 422. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
  • FGrH 155.1.5
    • Jacoby, Felix, and G Schepens. 1998. Die Fragmente Der Griechischen Historiker Continued. Leiden: Brill.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/fgh.html#155.0
  • Justin 13.6.9; 14.5.3-4, 6.2; 15.2.3, 5.9-10
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Lycophron 801-804
    • Callimachus, Aratus, and Lycophron. 1921. Hymns and Epigrams. Lycophron: Alexandra. Aratus: Phaenomena. Translated by A. W Mair and G. R Mair. Loeb Classical Library, Lcl129. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 
    • https://www.loebclassics.com/view/lycophron-alexandra/1921/pb_LCL129.321.xml
  • Marm. Par. B.13, 14, 18
    • Rotstein, Andrea. 2016. Literary History in the Parian Marble. Hellenic Studies Series 68. Washington, DC: Center for Hellenic Studies. 
    • http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.ebook:CHS_RotsteinA.Literary_History_in_the_Parian_Marble.2016.
  • Nepos Phocion 2-4
    • Cornelius Nepos. 1929. On Great Generals. On Historians. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 467. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/nepos19.html
  • OGIS 4.A.23-25; 5
    • Dittenberger, Wilhelm. 1960. Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae: Supplementum Sylloges Inscriptionum Graecarum. Hildesheim: G. Olms.
    • https://attalus.org/docs/ogis/s8.html
  • Orosius 3.23.29-31, 38
    • Orosius, Paulus. 2010. Seven Books of History against the Pagans. Translated by A. T. Fear. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/orosius.html
  • Pausanias 1.11.3, 25.6; 9.7.2
    • Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece, Volume I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pausanias. 1935. Description of Greece, Volume IV: Books 8.22-10 (Arcadia, Boeotia, Phocis and Ozolian Locri). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 297. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D3
  • Plutarch Eumenes 5.1, 13.1
  • Plutarch Moralia 184C, 503C-D
    • Plutarch.1931. Moralia, Volume III: Sayings of Kings and Commanders. Sayings of Romans. Sayings of Spartans. The Ancient Customs of the Spartans. Sayings of Spartan Women. Bravery of Women. Translated by Frank Cole Babbitt. Loeb Classical Library 245. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Plutarch. 1939. Moralia, Volume VI: Can Virtue Be Taught? On Moral Virtue. On the Control of Anger. On Tranquility of Mind. On Brotherly Love. On Affection for Offspring. Whether Vice Be Sufficient to Cause Unhappiness. Whether the Affections of the Soul are Worse Than Those of the Body. Concerning Talkativeness. On Being a Busybody. Translated by W. C. Helmbold. Loeb Classical Library 337. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/sayings1.html#nr155
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Moralia/De_garrulitate*.html
  • Plutarch Phocion 31.1-2, 32.1-2
  • Plutarch Pyrrhus 8.7
  • Polyaenus 4.6.8, 14.1
  • Polybius 9.30.3
  • Trog. Prol. 14
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Xenophon, Anabasis 1.2.7-9, 4.10; 2.4.14-16
  • Suda A.2704; D.333
Modern Sources: Episodes 14-15: Antigonos Monopthalmus 
Ancient Sources:
  • Aelian VH 3.12.16-17, 43
    • Aelian. 1997. Historical Miscellany. Translated by Nigel G. Wilson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/aelian/varhist12.xhtml
  • AET 8.5.4-5
    • http://attalus.org/egypt/index.html
  • Appian Syrica 53-56.
    • Appian. 2019. Roman History, Volume III. Edited and translated by Brian McGing. Loeb Classical Library 4. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-syrian-wars/
  • Arrian Anabasis 1.13.1, 29.3; 7.18.5
    • Arrian. 1976. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume I: Books 1-4. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 236. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Pres
    • Arrian. 1983. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume II: Books 5-7. Indica. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 269. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
      • NB: According to the Attalus.com, Arrian’s Indica is often printed as Book 8 of the Anabasis.
    • https://attalus.org/info/arrian.html
    • https://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/arrian-bookVIII-India.asp
  • Arrian, FGrH. 9.20, 24.
    • Jacoby, Felix, and G Schepens. 1998. Die Fragmente Der Griechischen Historiker Continued. Leiden: Brill.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/fgh.html#155.0
  • Athenaeus 13.578a-b
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VI: Books 12-13.594b. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 327. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • https://attalus.org/old/athenaeus13a.html
  • Babylon Chronicle 3.R6-8
  • Curtius Rufus 4.5.13
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume I: Books 1-5. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 368. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/curtius.html
  • Daniel 11:5
  • Diodorus Siculus 17.17; 18.23-63; 19.12-66, 73-91, 105; 20.19, 37, 45; 21.1, 4b.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1963. Library of History, Volume VIII: Books 16.66-17. Translated by C. Bradford Welles. Loeb Classical Library 422. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1957. Library of History, Volume X: Books 19.66-20. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 390. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1957. Library of History, Volume XI: Fragments of Books 21-32. Translated by Francis R. Walton. Loeb Classical Library 409. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
  • Diodorus Siculus Dein. 2.3
    • Dionysius of Halicarnassus. 1985. Critical Essays, Volume II: On Literary Composition. Dinarchus. Letters to Ammaeus and Pompeius. Translated by Stephen Usher. Loeb Classical Library 466. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://attalus.org/translate/deinarchus.html.
  • Eusebius Chronicle 247-249
    • https://attalus.org/translate/eusebius.html
  • Hieronymus Chronicle 1716-1717
    • https://attalus.org/translate/jerome1.html
  • IK Priene 14 = I Priene 2 = Tod, GHI 2.201
  • Josephus Ap. 1.184-186
  • Justin 13.6.8-9, 8.10; 14.6.13-14; 15.1.1-9, 4.11, 22
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Libanius Or. 11.77-84, 92.
  • Lucian Macrobius 11
    • Lucian. 1913. Phalaris. Hippias or The Bath. Dionysus. Heracles. Amber or The Swans. The Fly. Nigrinus. Demonax. The Hall. My Native Land. Octogenarians. A True Story. Slander. The Consonants at Law. The Carousal (Symposium) or The Lapiths. Translated by A. M. Harmon. Loeb Classical Library 14. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/macrobii.html    
  • John Malalas 198-201
    • Malalas, John. 2017. The Chronicle of John Malalas. Leiden: Brill.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/malalas.html
  • Macrobius Saturnalia 7.3.12
  • Marmor Parium B16, B19, B20
    • Rotstein, Andrea. 2016. Literary History in the Parian Marble. Hellenic Studies Series 68. Washington, DC: Center for Hellenic Studies. 
    • http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.ebook:CHS_RotsteinA.Literary_History_in_the_Parian_Marble.2016.
  • Memnon 4.6
    • Jacoby, Felix. 2012. Die Fragmente Der Griechischen Historiker. Vol. Part I-III. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/memnon1.html
  • Nepos Eumenes 10-19
    • Cornelius Nepos. 1929. On Great Generals. On Historians. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 467. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/nepos18.html
  • OGIS 6
    • Dittenberger, Wilhelm. 1960. Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae : Supplementum Sylloges Inscriptionum Graecarum. Hildesheim: G. Olms.
    • https://attalus.org/docs/ogis/s8.html
  • Orosius 2.23.32-35; 3.23.4
    • Orosius, Paulus. 2010. Seven Books of History against the Pagans. Translated by A. T. Fear. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/orosius.html
  • Pausanias 1.6.4-7, 25.6
    • Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece, Volume I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D3
  • Plutarch, Alexander 70.3
  • Plutarch, Demetrius 2-10.3, 14.2-3, 18.1-28.5.
  • Plutarch, Eumenes 4.1, 13-19. 
  • Plutarch, Moralia 11B-C, 182B-F; 302E-303A; 360d, 457E, 458F, 633C, 791E, 820D
    • Plutarch. 1926. Moralia, Volume I: The Education of Children. How the Young Man Should Study Poetry. On Listening to Lectures. How to Tell a Flatterer from a Friend. How a Man May Become Aware of His Progress in Virtue. Translated by Frank Cole Babbitt. Loeb Classical Library 197. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Plutarch. 1931. Moralia, Volume III: Sayings of Kings and Commanders. Sayings of Romans. Sayings of Spartans. The Ancient Customs of the Spartans. Sayings of Spartan Women. Bravery of Women. Translated by Frank Cole Babbitt. Loeb Classical Library 245. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Plutarch. 1936. Moralia, Volume IV: Roman Questions. Greek Questions. Greek and Roman Parallel Stories. On the Fortune of the Romans. On the Fortune or the Virtue of Alexander. Were the Athenians More Famous in War or in Wisdom?. Translated by Frank Cole Babbitt. Loeb Classical Library 305. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Plutarch. 1936. Moralia, Volume V: Isis and Osiris. The E at Delphi. The Oracles at Delphi No Longer Given in Verse. The Obsolescence of Oracles. Translated by Frank Cole Babbitt. Loeb Classical Library 306. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Plutarch. 1939. Moralia, Volume VI: Can Virtue Be Taught? On Moral Virtue. On the Control of Anger. On Tranquility of Mind. On Brotherly Love. On Affection for Offspring. Whether Vice Be Sufficient to Cause Unhappiness. Whether the Affections of the Soul are Worse Than Those of the Body. Concerning Talkativeness. On Being a Busybody. Translated by W. C. Helmbold. Loeb Classical Library 337. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Plutarch. 1969. Moralia, Volume VIII: Table-Talk, Books 1-6. Translated by P. A. Clement, H. B. Hoffleit. Loeb Classical Library 424. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 
    • Plutarch. 1936. Moralia, Volume X: Love Stories. That a Philosopher Ought to Converse Especially With Men in Power. To an Uneducated Ruler. Whether an Old Man Should Engage in Public Affairs. Precepts of Statecraft. On Monarchy, Democracy, and Oligarchy. That We Ought Not to Borrow. Lives of the Ten Orators. Summary of a Comparison Between Aristophanes and Menander. Translated by Harold North Fowler. Loeb Classical Library 321. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/home.html
  • Plutarch, Romulus 17.3
  • Plutarch, Pelopidas 1.2-4
  • Plutarch Life of Pyrrhus 4.4
  • Polyaenus 4.6.11, 15, 7.6, 8.4
    • Polyaenus. 1974. Polyaenus's Stratagems of War. Translated by R Shepherd. Chicago: Ares.
    • https://attalus.org/info/polyaenus.html
  • Porphyry. Fragments. 42
  • Strabo 17.75
    • Strabo. 1932. Geography, Volume VIII: Book 17. General Index. Translated by Horace Leonard Jones. Loeb Classical Library 267. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/17A1*.html
  • Euripedes, Phoinikoi 396
    • Euripides. 2002. Helen. Phoenician Women. Orestes. Edited and translated by David Kovacs. Loeb Classical Library 11. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://bacchicstage.wordpress.com/euripides/
  • Euripedes, Iphigenia among the Taurians 787
    • Euripides. 1999. Trojan Women. Iphigenia among the Taurians. Ion. Edited and translated by David Kovacs. Loeb Classical Library 10. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://bacchicstage.wordpress.com/euripides/
  • Livy 40.21.5
    • Livy. 2018. History of Rome, Volume XI: Books 38–40. Edited and translated by J. C. Yardley. Loeb Classical Library 313. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0144%3Abook%3D40%3Achapter%3D21
  • Frontinus, Strategemata 4.1.10
    • Frontinus. 1925. Stratagems. Aqueducts of Rome. Translated by C. E. Bennett, Mary B. McElwain. Loeb Classical Library 174. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Frontinus/Strategemata/home.html
  • RC 1, 3
    • Welles, C. Bradford. 1974. Royal Correspondence in the Hellenistic Period : A Study in Greek Epigraphy. Chicago: Ares Publishers.
    • http://attalus.org/docs/rc/index.html
  • Seneca, Ira 3.33.2
    • Seneca. 1928. Moral Essays, Volume I: De Providentia. De Constantia. De Ira. De Clementia. Translated by John W. Basore. Loeb Classical Library 214. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://archive.org/details/moralessayswithe01seneuoft/page/334/mode/2up.
  • Suda D.429
    • Adler, Ada. 1971. Suidae Lexicon. Lexicographi Graeci. Stuttgart: In aedibus B.G. Teubneri.
    • https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/delta/333.
  • Syll. 322B; 344; 374.17-30; 409.7-9
    • Dittenberger, Wilhelm. 1960. Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae : Supplementum Sylloges Inscriptionum Graecarum. Hildesheim: G. Olms.
    • http://attalus.org/docs/sig.html.
  • THI 37
    • http://attalus.org/docs/other/index.html.
  • Trog. Prol. 15
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/justinus_08_prologi.htm
Modern Sources:
  • Bagnall, John and Peter Derow. 2008. The Hellenistic Period: Historical Sources in Translation. Blackwell.
  • Billows, Richard. 1990. Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State. University of California Press.
  • Campbell, Duncan. 2003. Greek and Roman Artillery: 399 BC – AD 363. Oxford: Osprey.
  • Campbell, Duncan. 2006. Besieged. Oxford: Osprey.
  • Campbell, Duncan. 2011. “Ancient Catapults: Some Hypotheses Reexamined.” Hesperia. 80.4: 677- 700
  • Cuomo, Serafina. 2004. “The Sinews of War: Ancient Catapults.” Science. 303: 771-777.
  • Errington, R. M. 2008. A History of the Hellenistic World.  
  • Green, Peter. 1993. Alexander to Actium: The Historical Evolution of the Hellenistic Age. University of California Press: Berkeley.
  • Liddell, Henry George and Robert Scott. 1940. A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford.
  • Marsden, Eric. 1969. Greek and Roman Artillery: Historical Development. Oxford: Clarendon.
  • Nelson, Max. 2017. “Insulting Middle-Finger Gestures among Ancient Greeks and Romans.” Phoenix. 71.1: 66-88.
  • Romm, James S. 2011. Ghost on the Throne: The Death of Alexander the Great and the War for Crown and Empire. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Walbank, F. W. 1981. The Hellenistic World. Sussex, England: Harvester Press.
Episode 16: Cassander
Ancient Sources:
  • Aelian Varia Historia 3.6, 17, 47; 13.36
  • Appian Syrica 53-54
  • Arrian Anabasis 7.27.1-3
  • Arrian Fragments 9.13-14; 155.1.5-7, 255.11; 257a.3; 2.2-3; 523I.
  • Athenaeus 11.784c; 13.560f; 4.155a
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VI: Books 12-13.594b. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 327. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • https://attalus.org/old/athenaeus13a.html
  • Curtius Rufus 10.10.14-19
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 369. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/curtius.html
  • Diodorus Siculus 17.118; 18.48-49, 54, 64-75; 19.11, 25, 35-36, 49-68, 74-78, 88-89, 105-106; 20.2, 28, 45-46, 53, 106; 21.1.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1963. Library of History, Volume VIII: Books 16.66-17. Translated by C. Bradford Welles. Loeb Classical Library 422. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1957. Library of History, Volume X: Books 19.66-20. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 390. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1957. Library of History, Volume XI: Fragments of Books 21-32. Translated by Francis R. Walton. Loeb Classical Library 409. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
  • Diogenes Laertius 2.114; 5.75-78.
  • Dionysius of Halicarnassus Dein. 2, 3, 9
    • Dionysius of Halicarnassus. 1985. Critical Essays, Volume II: On Literary Composition. Dinarchus. Letters to Ammaeus and Pompeius. Translated by Stephen Usher. Loeb Classical Library 466. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://attalus.org/translate/deinarchus.html.
  • Eusebius Chronicle 159, 229, 231
    • Eusebius Chronicon, 159-160, 229-231, 241-242, 246
    • https://attalus.org/translate/eusebius.html
  • Excerpta Latina Barbari 44A
  • Hieronymus Chronicle 1700, 1719
    • https://attalus.org/translate/jerome1.html
  • Justin 12.14; 14.5, 6, 13-14; 15.1-15, 4.24-25; 16.1, 15 2; 17.3.
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius, and John Selby Watson. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum Bohn's Classical Library. London.
    • http://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Lucian Macrobii 11
    • Lucian. 1913. Phalaris. Hippias or The Bath. Dionysus. Heracles. Amber or The Swans. The Fly. Nigrinus. Demonax. The Hall. My Native Land. Octogenarians. A True Story. Slander. The Consonants at Law. The Carousal (Symposium) or The Lapiths. Translated by A. M. Harmon. Loeb Classical Library 14. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/macrobii.html
  • Lycophron 801-804
    • Callimachus, Lycophron, Aratus. Hymns and Epigrams. Lycophron: Alexandra. Aratus: Phaenomena. Translated by A. W. Mair, G. R. Mair. Loeb Classical Library 129. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://www.theoi.com/Text/LycophronAlexandra.html.
  • Marmor Parium B.12-14, 18, 20, 27
  • Nepos Miltiades 6.4
    • Cornelius Nepos. 1929. On Great Generals. On Historians. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 467. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://attalus.org/info/nepos.html
  • Nepos Phocion 2.4-5
    • Cornelius Nepos. 1929. On Great Generals. On Historians. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 467. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://attalus.org/info/nepos.html
  • OGIS 4.A.23-25
  • Orosius 3.23.28-41, 49.
    • Orosius, Paulus. 2010. Seven Books of History against the Pagans. Translated by A. T. Fear. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/orosius.html
  • Pausanias 1.11.3-5, 25.6; 5.18.6, 23.38; 7.9.6; 9.3.6-7.4 
    • Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece, Volume I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pausanias. 1933. Description of Greece, Volume III: Books 6-8.21 (Elis 2, Achaia, Arcadia). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 272. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pausanias. 1935. Description of Greece, Volume IV: Books 8.22-10 (Arcadia, Boeotia, Phocis and Ozolian Locri). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 297. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D3
  • Pseudo-Callisthenes 3.31
  • Pliny the Elder Historia Natura 2.150; 31.53; 35.110; 37.149.
    • Pliny. Natural History, Volume I: Books 1-2. Translated by H. Rackham. Loeb Classical Library 330. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1938.
    • Pliny. Natural History, Volume VIII: Books 28-32. Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 418. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pliny. Natural History, Volume IX: Books 33-35. Translated by H. Rackham. Loeb Classical Library 394. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1952.
    • Pliny. Natural History, Volume X: Books 36-37. Translated by D. E. Eichholz. Loeb Classical Library 419. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1962.
    • https://archive.org/details/naturalhistory08plinuoft/page/278/mode/2up?view=theater
  • Plutarch Alexander 74-77.5
  • Plutarch Demetrius 8.1-9.4; 18.2; 23.1-3; 28.2; 31.3-4; 36.1; 40.
  • Plutarch Moralia 5F, 180F 182E-F, 457C, 530C-D; 814B; 820F; 849F, 851D
    • Plutarch. 1926. Moralia, Volume I: The Education of Children. How the Young Man Should Study Poetry. On Listening to Lectures. How to Tell a Flatterer from a Friend. How a Man May Become Aware of His Progress in Virtue. Translated by Frank Cole Babbitt. Loeb Classical Library 197. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Plutarch. 1931. Moralia, Volume III: Sayings of Kings and Commanders. Sayings of Romans. Sayings of Spartans. The Ancient Customs of the Spartans. Sayings of Spartan Women. Bravery of Women. Translated by Frank Cole Babbitt. Loeb Classical Library 245. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Plutarch. 1939. Moralia, Volume VI: Can Virtue Be Taught? On Moral Virtue. On the Control of Anger. On Tranquility of Mind. On Brotherly Love. On Affection for Offspring. Whether Vice Be Sufficient to Cause Unhappiness. Whether the Affections of the Soul are Worse Than Those of the Body. Concerning Talkativeness. On Being a Busybody. Translated by W. C. Helmbold. Loeb Classical Library 337. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Plutarch. Moralia, Volume VII: On Love of Wealth. On Compliancy. On Envy and Hate. On Praising Oneself Inoffensively. On the Delays of the Divine Vengeance. On Fate. On the Sign of Socrates. On Exile. Consolation to His Wife. Translated by Phillip H. De Lacy, Benedict Einarson. Loeb Classical Library 405. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1959.
    • Plutarch. 1936. Moralia, Volume X: Love Stories. That a Philosopher Ought to Converse Especially With Men in Power. To an Uneducated Ruler. Whether an Old Man Should Engage in Public Affairs. Precepts of Statecraft. On Monarchy, Democracy, and Oligarchy. That We Ought Not to Borrow. Lives of the Ten Orators. Summary of a Comparison Between Aristophanes and Menander. Translated by Harold North Fowler. Loeb Classical Library 321. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/home.html
  • Plutarch Phocion 30.8-10, 31.1-3, 32.1-10
  • Polyaenus 4.6.8, 7.6, 11.3-4; 14.1
    • Polyaenus. 1974. Polyaenus's Stratagems of War. Translated by R Shepherd. Chicago: Ares.
    • https://attalus.org/info/polyaenus.html
  • Polybius 2.41.10; 9.29.5-6; 38.3.1
    • Polybius. The Histories, Volume I: Books 1-2. Translated by W. R. Paton. Revised by F. W. Walbank, Christian Habicht. Loeb Classical Library 128. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010.
    • Polybius. 2011. The Histories, Volume IV: Books 9-15. Translated by W. R. Paton. Revised by F. W. Walbank, Christian Habicht. Loeb Classical Library 159. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Polybius. The Histories, Volume VI: Books 28-39. Fragments. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Translated by W. R. Paton. Revised by F. W. Walbank, Christian Habicht. Loeb Classical Library 161. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Polybius/home.html
  • Seneca Dialogues 2.5.6
  • Seneca Epistulae 9.18.
  • Strabo 9.398, 403
  • Suda A.2703, D.414, 416, 429, 567.
  • Adler, Ada. 1971. Suidae Lexicon. Lexicographi Graeci. Stuttgart: In aedibus B.G. Teubneri.
  • https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/alpha/2703
  • https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/delta/414
  • https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/delta/416
  • https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/delta/429
  • https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/delta/567
  • Trogus Prol. 14; 15.
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/justinus_08_prologi.htm
  • Valerius Maximus 1.7e.2
    • Valerius Maximus. 2000. Memorable Doings and Sayings, Volume I: Books 1-5. Edited and translated by D. R. Shackleton Bailey. Loeb Classical Library 492. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/valerius1b.html
  • Vitruvius 8.3.16
    • Vitruvius. 1934. On Architecture, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by Frank Granger. Loeb Classical Library 280. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Vitruvius/home.html
  • Syll. 332; 409.13-18. 
    • Dittenberger, Wilhelm. 1960. Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae : Supplementum Sylloges Inscriptionum Graecarum. Hildesheim: G. Olms.
    • http://attalus.org/docs/sig.html.
Modern Sources:
  • Grainger, John D. 2019. Antipater’s Dynasty. Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Military.
Episode 17: Philip IV
Ancient Sources:
  • Eusebius Chronicle 231, 241, 245.
    • Eusebius Chronicon, 159-160, 229-231, 241-242, 246
    • https://attalus.org/translate/eusebius.html
  • FGrH 257.1
    • Jacoby, Felix, and G Schepens. 1998. Die Fragmente Der Griechischen Historiker Continued. Leiden: Brill.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/fgh.html#257.0
  • Justin 15.4, 16.1
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius, and John Selby Watson. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum Bohn's Classical Library. London.
    • http://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Orosius 3.23.49
    • Orosius, Paulus. 2010. Seven Books of History against the Pagans. Translated by A. T. Fear. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/orosius.html
  • Pausanias 9.7.3
    • Pausanias. 1933. Description of Greece, Volume III: Books 6-8.21 (Elis 2, Achaia, Arcadia). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 272. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D3
  • Plutarch Demetrius 36
  • Porphryry 260F.3
  • Seneca Dialogues 5.23.1-3
Modern Sources:
  • Carney, Elizabeth. 1999. “The Curious Death of the Antipatrid Dynasty.” In Ancient Makedonia VI. Thessaloniki: 209– 216.
  • Carney, Elizabeth. 2000. Women and Monarchy in Macedonia. University of Oklahoma Press.
  • Grainger, John D. 2019. Antipater’s Dynasty. Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Military.
  • Mueller, Karl. 1841. Fragmenta historicorum graecorum. Vol. 3. Parisiis Editore Ambrosio Firmin Didot.
Episode 18: Antipater I and Alexander V
Ancient Sources:
  • Diodorus Siculus 21.7.1
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1957. Library of History, Volume XI: Fragments of Books 21-32. Translated by Francis R. Walton. Loeb Classical Library 409. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
  • Eusebius, Chronicon 231, 233, 241, 245
    • https://attalus.org/translate/eusebius.html
  • Excerpta Latina Barbari 44A
  • Hieronymus Chronicon 1723
    • https://attalus.org/translate/jerome1.html
  • Justin 16.1.1-18, 2.4-5
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius, and John Selby Watson. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum Bohn's Classical Library. London.
    • http://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Orosius 3.23.50-52
  • Pausanias 1.10.1, 36.6; 9.7.3
    • Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece, Volume I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pausanias. 1933. Description of Greece, Volume III: Books 6-8.21 (Elis 2, Achaia, Arcadia). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 272. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D3
  • Plutarch, Life of Pyrrhus 6.2-7.2
  • Plutarch, Life of Demetrius 36.1-37.4
  • Plutarch, Moralia 530C
    • Plutarch. Moralia, Volume VII: On Love of Wealth. On Compliancy. On Envy and Hate. On Praising Oneself Inoffensively. On the Delays of the Divine Vengeance. On Fate. On the Sign of Socrates. On Exile. Consolation to His Wife. Translated by Phillip H. De Lacy, Benedict Einarson. Loeb Classical Library 405. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1959.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/home.html
  • Trogus, Prolegomena 16
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/justinus_08_prologi.htm
Modern Sources:
  • Grainger, John D. 2019. Antipater’s Dynasty. Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Military.
Episode 19-20: Demetrius Poliocetes
Ancient Sources:
  • Aelianus Varia Historia 3.17; 12.17
  • AET 8.5.4-5
    • http://attalus.org/egypt/index.html
  • Alciphron 2.1
    • Alciphron, Aelian, Philostratus. 1949.  Alciphron, Aelian, and Philostratus: The Letters. Translated by A. R. Benner, F. H. Fobes. Loeb Classical Library 383. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://www.elfinspell.com/Alciphron2.html
  • Ammianus Marcellinus 23.4.10
  • Appian Syrica 54-56
    • Appian. 2019. Roman History, Volume III. Edited and translated by Brian McGing. Loeb Classical Library 4. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-syrian-wars/
  • Arrian Anabasis 7.18.5.
    • Arrian. 1983. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume II: Books 5-7. Indica. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 269. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
    • https://attalus.org/info/arrian.html
  • Arrian Indica 43.4.
    • Arrian. 1983. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume II: Books 5-7. Indica. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 269. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
      • NB: According to Attalus.com, Arrian’s Indica is often printed as Book 8 of the Anabasis.
    • https://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/arrian-bookVIII-India.asp
  • Arrian FGrH 155.1.7; 156.9.27; 239F, B.11; 523.I; F33.2.
  • Astronomical Chronicle 309.A, obv. 9-14.
  • Athenaeus 3.1013; 4.128a-b; 5.206d; 6.252f-255c, 261b; 10.415a; 12.535f-536a; 13.578a-b; 14.614e-615a; 15.697a.
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume I: Books 1-3.106e. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 204. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007.
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume II: Books 3.106e-5. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 208. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007.
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume III: Books 6-7. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 224. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008.
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume IV: Books 8-10.420e. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 235. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008.
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VI: Books 12-13.594b. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 327. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VII: Books 13.594b-14. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 345. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011.
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VIII: Book 15. General Indexes. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 519. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012.
    • http://attalus.org/info/athenaeus.html
  • Babylon Chronicle 3.L2, R14-31; 4.R6-8.
  • BD 8
  • Chronographeion Syntomon 91
  • Cicero de Officio 2.26
  • Clemens of Alexandria Protrepticus 4.48
  • Daniel 11:5.
  • Diodorus Siculus 14.1, 18.18.7, 30.5-6; 19.27-32, 55.7, 80.2-3, 86.5-105.1; 20.2.3, 19.3-5, 45-53.2, 82.1-85.1, 100.2-110.5; 21.1.2, 7.1-14.3.
    • Diodorus Siculus. Library of History, Volume VI: Books 14-15.19. Translated by C. H. Oldfather. Loeb Classical Library 399. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1954.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1957. Library of History, Volume X: Books 19.66-20. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 390. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1957. Library of History, Volume XI: Fragments of Books 21-32. Translated by Francis R. Walton. Loeb Classical Library 409. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html.
  • Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Deinarchus 2.3.
    • Dionysius of Halicarnassus. 1985. Critical Essays, Volume II: On Literary Composition. Dinarchus. Letters to Ammaeus and Pompeius. Translated by Stephen Usher. Loeb Classical Library 466. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://attalus.org/translate/deinarchus.html
  • Euripides Phoenician Women 1.395
  • Eusebius Chronicon 231, 233, 237, 241, 245, 247, 249, 261. 
  • Gellius 15.31.1
  • Hieronymus Chronicon 1712, 1716, 1717, 1723, 1729
  • Justin 15.1.5-18, 2.10, 15-16, 4.11, 22; 16.1.2-2.6.
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • Libanius Orations 11.77-78, 83-84
  • Lucian Macrobii 11
    • Lucian. 1913. Phalaris. Hippias or The Bath. Dionysus. Heracles. Amber or The Swans. The Fly. Nigrinus. Demonax. The Hall. My Native Land. Octogenarians. A True Story. Slander. The Consonants at Law. The Carousal (Symposium) or The Lapiths. Translated by A. M. Harmon. Loeb Classical Library 14. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/macrobii.html    
  • John Malalas 196
  • Marmor Parium B16, 20-21, 23
  • Nepos 18.4.3-4; 21.3.3.
  • OGIS 5, 6.5-9, 12.
  • Orosius 3.23.35-54.
    • Orosius, Paulus. 2010. Seven Books of History against the Pagans. Translated by A. T. Fear. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/orosius.html
  • Pausanias 1.6.5-16.1, 25.6-8, 29.10, 35.2-36.6; 2.7.1; 4.7.12; 6.15.7-16.2; 7.8.5; 9.7.3; 10.10.2.
    • Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece, Volume I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pausanias. 1926. Description of Greece, Volume II: Books 3-5. Translated by W. H. S. Jones, H. A. Ormerod. Loeb Classical Library 188. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pausanias. 1933. Description of Greece, Volume III: Books 6-8.21 (Elis 2, Achaia, Arcadia). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 272. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Pausanias. 1935. Description of Greece, Volume IV: Books 8.22-10 (Arcadia, Boeotia, Phocis and Ozolian Locri). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 297. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D3
  • Philochorus Historical Fragments 69-70, 166
  • Photius. Biblio. 166
    • Photius. 1920. The Library of Photius. Translated by John Henry Freese. London: Society for promoting Christian knowledge.
    • https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/photius_03bibliotheca.htm
  • Plutarch, Life of Demetrius 2.2, 5.1-7.4, 13.4, 14.3, 16.3-4, 17.2-18.1, 20.8, 21.1-6, 22.1-2, 8-9, 24.1-5, 25.1-9, 25.6, 26.1-5, 27.1-8, 28.2, 29.1-8, 31.1-53.7.
  • Plutarch. 1920. Lives, Volume IX: Demetrius and Antony. Pyrrhus and Gaius Marius. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library 101. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Demetrius*.html
  • Plutarch, Life of Eumenes 7.5-6, 18.6
    • Plutarch. Lives, Volume VIII: Sertorius and Eumenes. Phocion and Cato the Younger. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library 100. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Eumenes*.html
  • Plutarch, Life of Pyrrhus 4.3-5, 7.1-3, 10.2-11.14, 12.2-8.
  • Plutarch, Moralia 183.B-C, 209.A-B, 530C, 827.C 
    • Plutarch. 1931. Moralia, Volume III: Sayings of Kings and Commanders. Sayings of Romans. Sayings of Spartans. The Ancient Customs of the Spartans. Sayings of Spartan Women. Bravery of Women. Translated by Frank Cole Babbitt. Loeb Classical Library 245. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Plutarch. Moralia, Volume VII: On Love of Wealth. On Compliancy. On Envy and Hate. On Praising Oneself Inoffensively. On the Delays of the Divine Vengeance. On Fate. On the Sign of Socrates. On Exile. Consolation to His Wife. Translated by Phillip H. De Lacy, Benedict Einarson. Loeb Classical Library 405. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1959.
    • Plutarch. 1936. Moralia, Volume X: Love Stories. That a Philosopher Ought to Converse Especially With Men in Power. To an Uneducated Ruler. Whether an Old Man Should Engage in Public Affairs. Precepts of Statecraft. On Monarchy, Democracy, and Oligarchy. That We Ought Not to Borrow. Lives of the Ten Orators. Summary of a Comparison Between Aristophanes and Menander. Translated by Harold North Fowler. Loeb Classical Library 321. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/home.html
  • Polyaenus 3.7.1-2; 4.3.1-12.1; 11.1.
    • Polyaenus. 1974. Polyaenus's Stratagems of War. Translated by R Shepherd. Chicago: Ares.
    • https://attalus.org/info/polyaenus.html
  • Porphyry Fr. 42
  • SEG 25.149.9-11, 28.60.28-43
  • Seneca the Younger, Dialogues 2.115
  • Strabo 8.382, 9.436.
  • Suda D.429.
  • Syll. 374.17-30
    • Dittenberger, Wilhelm. 1960. Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae : Supplementum Sylloges Inscriptionum Graecarum. Hildesheim: G. Olms.
    • http://attalus.org/docs/sig.html.
  • THI 14, 37, 76.
    • http://attalus.org/docs/other/index.html.
  • Trogus Prolegomena 15, 16
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/justinus_08_prologi.htm
  • Vitruvius 10.16.3-8.
    • Vitruvius. 1934. On Architecture, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by Frank Granger. Loeb Classical Library 280. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Vitruvius/home.html.
Modern Sources:
  • Carradice, Ian and Martin Price. 1988. Coinage in the Greek World. Seaby. 
  • Wheatley, Pat and Charlotte Dunn. 2020. Demetrius the Besieger. Oxford University Press.
Episode 21, 23-24: Ptolemy I Soter
Ancient Sources:
  • Aelian Fragment 283
  • Aelian Varia Historia 8.7
  • Arrian, Anabasis 3.3.1-7.23.6.
    • Arrian. 1976. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume I: Books 1-4. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 236. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Arrian. 1983. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume II: Books 5-7. Indica. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 269. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
    • https://attalus.org/info/arrian.html
  • Arrian FGrH 155.1.2-3; 156.1.5-8.
  • Arrian Indica 40.6-8
    • Arrian. 1983. Anabasis of Alexander, Volume II: Books 5-7. Indica. Translated by P. A. Brunt. Loeb Classical Library 269. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
    • https://attalus.org/info/arrian.html
  • Aristotle Oeconomica 2.1352a-b
  • Athenaeus 4.171b-c; 12.538b-539a; 13.576
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume II: Books 3.106e-5. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 208. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007.
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VI: Books 12-13.594b. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 327. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Athenaeus. The Learned Banqueters, Volume VII: Books 13.594b-14. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. Loeb Classical Library 345. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011.
    • http://attalus.org/info/athenaeus.html
  • Cicero de Divitatione 1.47
    • Cicero. 1923. On Old Age. On Friendship. On Divination. Translated by W. A. Falconer. Loeb Classical Library 154. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Curtius Rufus 5.4.20-34, 7.3-11; 8.1.45-48; 9.8.22-23; 10.5.20, 10.1-8
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume I: Books 1-5. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 368. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Quintus Curtius Rufus. 1946. History of Alexander, Volume II: Books 6-10. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library 369. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/curtius.html
  • Diodorus Siculus 17.68.1-7, 72, 83.7-9, 103.5-8, 107.1-6, 111.4-112.1; 18.3.1-5.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1963. Library of History, Volume VIII: Books 16.66-17. Translated by C. Bradford Welles. Loeb Classical Library 422. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963.
    • Diodorus Siculus. 1947. Library of History, Volume IX: Books 18-19.65. Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library 377. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html
  • Eusebius Chronicon 247-249
  • Excerpta Latina Barbaria 33A-34A
  • Homer, Iliad 4.228.
  • Justin 12.10.9-10, 13.4.9-25; 15.3.15.
    • Justinus, Marcus Justianus, Cornelius Nepos, Flavius Eutropius. 1853. Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum. Translated by John Selby Watson. Bohn's Classical Library: London.
    • For a more modern translation, see Justinus, Marcus Junianus. 1997. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Translated by John Yardley, and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • https://attalus.org/info/justinus.html
  • John Malalas 198
  • Cornelius Nepos Eumenes 2.2-3
  • Orosius 3.23.7-13
  • Pausanias 1.6.2-3, 9.5
    • Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece, Volume I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. Loeb Classical Library 93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D8%3Achapter%3D18%3Asection%3D4
  • Photius Biblio. 82, 92
    • Photius. 1920. The Library of Photius. Translated by John Henry Freese. London: Society for promoting Christian knowledge.
    • https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/photius_03bibliotheca.htm
  • Plutarch, Life of Alexander 10.5, 37.1-4, 38, 43.3, 69.6-70.3, 72.4
  • Plutarch, Life of Eumenes 1.3, 3.3-5
  • Plutarch, Moralia 329E-F; 458A-B
    • Plutarch. 1936. Moralia, Volume IV: Roman Questions. Greek Questions. Greek and Roman Parallel Stories. On the Fortune of the Romans. On the Fortune or the Virtue of Alexander. Were the Athenians More Famous in War or in Wisdom?. Translated by Frank Cole Babbitt. Loeb Classical Library 305. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • Plutarch. 1939. Moralia, Volume VI: Can Virtue Be Taught? On Moral Virtue. On the Control of Anger. On Tranquility of Mind. On Brotherly Love. On Affection for Offspring. Whether Vice Be Sufficient to Cause Unhappiness. Whether the Affections of the Soul are Worse Than Those of the Body. Concerning Talkativeness. On Being a Busybody. Translated by W. C. Helmbold. Loeb Classical Library 337. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Moralia/De_garrulitate*.html
  • Polyaenus 4.3.31
    • Polyaenus. 1974. Polyaenus's Stratagems of War. Translated by R Shepherd. Chicago: Ares.
    • https://attalus.org/info/polyaenus.html
  • Pseudo-Callisthenes 3.19, 33
  • Satyros FGrH 631 F.1 (=P. Oxy. 2465).
  • Strabo 11.524; 15.715-718
  • Suda A963, 965; L25
  • Valerius Maximus 1.8e.10
    • Valerius Maximus. 2000. Memorable Doings and Sayings, Volume I: Books 1-5. Edited and translated by D. R. Shackleton Bailey. Loeb Classical Library 492. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • https://attalus.org/translate/valerius1b.html
Modern Sources:
  • Austin, M. 2006. The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest: A Selection of Ancient Sources. Cambridge.
  • Bennet, Chris. 2001-2013. https://www.instonebrewer.com/TyndaleSites/Egypt/ptolemies/ptolemies.htm
  • Bevan, Edwyn. 1927. The House of Ptolemy. Methuen, London. 
  • Dunkel, G. E. 1992. “Two old problems in Greek: πτόλεμος and τερψίμβροτος.” Glotta. 70.3/4: 197-225.
  • Ellis, Walter. 1994. Ptolemy of Egypt. Routledge: London and New York. 
  • Howe, Timothy, ed. 2018. Ptolemy I Soter: A Self-Made Man. Oxford: Oxbow Books.
  • Lianou, Margarita. 2010. “The Role of the Argeadai in the Legitimiation of the Ptolemaic Dynasty: Rhetoric and Practice,” in Philip II and Alexander the Great: Father and Son, Lives and Afterlives. Edited by Elizabeth Carney and Daniel Ogden. Oxford: 123-133. 
  • Romano, David. 2013 “Athletic Festivals in the Northern Peloponnese and Central Greece.” In A Companion to Sport and Spectacle in Greek and Roman Antiquity, edited by Paul Christesen and Donald Kyle. Wiley Blackwell: 175-191.
  • Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta, ed. 1952. Age of the Nandas and Mauryas. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
  • Van Oppen, Branko. 2015. “The Marriage and Divorce of Ptolemy I and Eurydice: An excursion in Early-Hellenistic Marital Practice. Chronique d’Egypte. 90: 147-173. 

Episode 27-29: Seleukos Nikator
Ancient Sources:
  • Aelian Varica Historia 8.7
  • Ammianus Marcellinus 23.6.23
  • Ampelius 31.1
  • Appian BC 1.103
  • Appian Mithridatica 8
  • Appian Syrica 52-66.
  • Arrian Anabasis 3.11.9; 5.13.4, 16.3, 17.6; 7.4.4-8, 18.5; 11.3, 26.2.
  • Arrian Fr. 9.28, 32-38; 10.1-6
  • Arrian FGrH 155.1.3-7; 255.10
  • Arrian Indica 5.3, 9.9; 43.4
  • Astr. Diar. 309A. obv. 9-14.
  • Athenaeus 1.18e; 12.538b-539a
  • Babylonian Chronicle 3R.3-10, R14-L2; 9.O.3-8; BM.35603. Obv. 7; IM.65066.
  • Chron. Pasc. 421C
  • Chron. Synt. 91
  • Cicero de Officio 2.26, 9.9
  • Clemens of Alexandria Strom. 1.15.
  • Curtius Rufus 8.5.4; 10.5.20.
  • Daniel 11;5
  • Diadochoi Chronicle Obv. 4-9
  • Diodorus Siculus 17.57.2, 107.6; 18.36.2-5, 39.1-6; 19.48.6, 55.3-57.5, 62.5-6, 68.3, 69.1, 86.4-5, 90.1-91.5, 92.1-5, 100.3-7; 20.2.3, 47.5-6, 53.4-54.1, 106.2-5, 113.4; 21.1.2-5, 4b.
  • Eusebius Chronicon 247, 249, 233, 235, 237, 241, 245, 247
  • Eusebius Historia Ecclesiastica 1.13.21
  • Excerpta Latina Barbarica 46A
  • Josephus AI 12.246, 264, 297; 13.213; 18.372
  • Josephus Ap. 2.39.
  • Julian Mis. 347A-348B
  • Justin 12.7.5, 10.9-10; 13.8-14-1, 11; 15.1.1-5, 2.15-16, 4.2, 7-8 11-23; 16.2.1-6; 17.1.2-7.12.
  • Hieronymus Chron. 1704-1706, 1715-1717, 1729
  • Libanius Or. 11.83-99, 104
  • Livy 34.58.5
  • Lucian. Macrobii 11
  • Lucian Syr. 17-18
  • Lucian Hist. 35
  • Lucian Icar. 15
  • Lucian Salt. 58
  • John Malalas 196-205.
  • 1 Maccabees 1:7; 11:33.
  • Marmor Parium B11, B16
  • Memnon 4.3, 5.6-7, 8.2, 6.1-7.4
  • Movses 2.1
  • Cornelius Nepos, Life of Eumenes 5.1
  • Cornelius Nepos 21.3.2-4
  • Orosius 3.23.33-35, 41-48, 53-62.
  • Pausanias 1.6.3-8, 8.1, 9.8, 10.2-5, 12.3, 16.1-3, 19.3-4; 6.15.7, 16.2; 8.33.3; 10.19.7.
  • Phlegon Fr. 9
  • Pliny HN 6.117, 122; 8.143
  • Plutarch, Life of Alexander 62.4, 70.3, 76.9
  • Plutarch, Life of Demetrius 7.2-4, 18.3, 28.2, 29.1-8, 32.7-8, 35.1-2, 38.1-12, 44.1-47.10, 48.1-50.9, 52.1-6
  • Plutarch, Life of Eumenes 1.7, 8.2-4.
  • Plutarch, Life of Pyrrhus 4.4, 10.6-11.14, 12.1.
  • Plutarch Moralia 328E-F, 341A; 970C
  • Polyaenus 4.6.4, 7.12, 9.1-5; 8.57.1
  • Polybius 5.67.6-10; 18.51.4
  • Porphyry Fr. 42
  • Strabo 2.79; 13.623; 15.702, 709-711; 16.623, 749-750; 17.724, 783, 794
  • Suda A.2692, D.429, E.2896, S.202.
  • Sulpitius 2.17, 19
  • Syll. 374.17-30
  • Tacitus Annales 6.42
  • Trogus Prolegomena 15-17
  • Tzetz. Chil. 7.168-180.
  • Valerius Maximus 5.7e.1

Modern Sources:
  • https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Seleucus
  • https://www.behindthename.com/name/seleucus#:~:text=Latinized%20form%20of%20the%20Greek,western%20Asia%20after%20Alexander's%20death.
  • Anson, Edward. 1981. “Alexander’s Hypaspists and the Argyraspids.” Historia: Zeitschrift für Ale Geschichte. 30.1: 117-120.
  • Aperghis, G. G. 2004. The Seleukid Royal Economy: The Finances and Financial Administration of the Seleukid Empire. Cambridge University Press.
  • Billows, Richard. 1990. Antigonos the One Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State.
  • Cohen, Getzel. 2013. The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India. University of California Press.
  • Grainger, John D. 1990. Seleukos Nikator: Constructing a Hellenistic Kingdom. Routledge.
  • Grayson, A. K. 1975. Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles. Locust Valley.
  • Justin, trans. J. C. Yardley, Commentary by Pat Wheatley and Waldemar Heckel. 2011. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Vol. 2. Books 13-15: The Successors to Alexander the Great. Oxford University Press.
  • ​Liddell, Henry George and Robert Scott. 1940. A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford.
  • Sherwin-White, Susan and Amélie Kuhrt. 1993. From Samarkhand to Sardis: A new approach to the Seleucid empire. Duckworth.
  • ​Turchin, Peter, Jonathan M. Adams, and Thomas D. Hall. 2006. “East-West Orientation of Historical Empires and Modern States.” Journal of World-Systems Research. 12.2: 219-229.

Season 2 - Episodes 1-2: Ptolemy Keraunos
Ancient Sources
  • Appian Civil Wars 1.103. 
  • Appian Syriaca 62- 65. 
  • Babylonian Chronicle 9R.1-7; BM 35603.O8-10
  • Chron. Pasc. 425A.
  • Claudius Ptolemy Astronomical Canon 3
    • Wachsmuth, Kurt. 1895. Einleitung in das Studium der alten Geschichte. Leipzig.
      • See esp. pp. 305-306.
    • Ginzel, Friedrich Karl. 1906. Handbuch der Mathematischen Chronologie. Vol. 1. Leipzig.
      • See esp. p. 139. 
    •  Bickerman, E. J. 1968. Chronology of the Ancient World. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
      • See esp. p. 111. 
    • https://www.attalus.org/translate/chronicles.html#canon.0
  • Clemens of Alexandria, Stromata 1.21.
  • Diodorus Siculus 22.3.1-2
  • Diogenes Laertius 5.78-79.
  • Eusebius Chronicon 127, 161, 169, 231, 233-235, 237, 241, 243, 245, 249.
  • Exc. Barb. 35B, 44A.
    • Excerpta Latina Barbari, 44A
  • FGrH 257a.3; 
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